Process for the preparation of stable, crystalline (6s)-n(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid

ABSTRACT

A process for the preparation of the stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V, 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     and a stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrocolic acid of the formula V are provided.

The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation ofthe stable, amorphous calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V.

The present invention is also directed to a process for the preparationof stable, crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid ofthe formula IV.

The present invention is also directed to a process for the preparationof an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III.

In the present invention for 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid is usedsometimes the abbreviation THF.

A short summary concerning the pharmacological importance ofN(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid—herein sometimes abbreviatedwith N(5)-methyl-THF—and derivatives thereof is given in the beginningof the description of EP 0 455 013 A1. In the same document is alsopointed to the importance of the individual (6S)- and(6R)-diastereoisomers of N(5)-methyl-THF. Herein is also described theprior art concerning the preparation of the pure (6S)- and(6R)-diastereoisomers of N(5)-methyl-THF.

In EP 1 044 975 A1 are described stable crystalline salts ofN(5)-methyl-THF. Herein are also described crystalline calcium salts of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-THF, whereby these salts have in the respective X-raypowder diffraction diagram well defined 2-Theta-values.

In the preparation process of these salts are used as starting materialseither the mixture of the (6RS)-diastereoisomers or the alreadyseparated (6S)— or (6R)-diastereoisomers. This process involves atemperature treatment of more than 60° C., preferably of more than 85°C., whereby in the working examples are mentioned temperatures from 90°C. to 100° C.

Such a temperature treatment is of course less suitable for anindustrial preparation of these salts.

In EP 1 044 975 A1 is not mentioned by what way the individual (6S)— or(6R)-diastereoisomers of N(5)-methyl-THF were obtained.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an industriallyapplicable process for the preparation of a stable calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V.

The product obtainable with this process shall have a diastereoisomericpurity of at least 99%.

This process shall be simple and shall especially not involve a thermaltreatment.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process forthe preparation of stable, crystalline(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a process forthe preparation of an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III. Withthis process shall be obtained an aqueous solution of the calcium saltof N(5)-methyl-THF, in which the (6S)-diastereoisomer is highly enriched(≧98%).

With the present invention are met these objectives.

The inventive process for the preparation of an aqueous solution of thecalcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of theformula III,

whereby (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula II having acontent of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer in the range from 4%by weight to 8% by weight is methylated in water,

is characterized in that

-   -   to the obtained methylated reaction mixture are added from 0.70        to 0.82 equivalents, referred to the used amount of THF, of        calcium chloride,    -   from the so obtained aqueous solution the calcium salt of        (6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid is selectively        crystallized and separated, and    -   the aqueous solution of the calcium salt of        (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III        having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of        ≦2% by weight is obtained.

The inventive process for the preparation of stable, crystalline(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV

is characterized in that

-   -   to an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of        (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III        having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of        ≦2% by weight is added either acetic acid or a sulfonic acid in        such an amount, until a pH-value of 5.5 is obtained,    -   the so obtained solution is warmed to a temperature in the range        from 44° C. to 46° C.,    -   to this warmed solution is added either acetic acid or a        sulfonic acid in such an amount, until a pH-value in the range        from 4.3 to 4.4 is obtained, whereby the crystallization of        (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV        begins, whereby during this crystallization the pH-value is        maintained in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 by continuous addition        of either acetic acid or of a sulfonic acid, and    -   the so obtained crystalline solid is filtered off at a        temperature in the range from 44° C. to 46° C. and is isolated.

The inventive process for the preparation of the stable, amorphouscalcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of theformula V

is characterized in that

-   -   crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the        formula IV, prepared according to the process according to one        of claims 4 to 7, is suspended in water, whereby the water has a        temperature from 35° C. to 41° C.,    -   to this suspension is added a NaOH solution in portions and in        such an amount until a pH-value in the range from 6.7 to 6.9 is        obtained,    -   to the so prepared solution are added 0.90 equivalents of        calcium chloride, referred to the used amount of the compound of        formula IV,    -   in the so prepared solution the concentration of the compound of        formula IV is adjusted either by the addition or by the removal        of water to a value in the range from 14% by weight to 16% by        weight,    -   the precipitation of the calcium salt of        (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V        is started by the addition of a small amount of previously        prepared compound of formula V,    -   the so prepared mixture is kept during 1 hour at a temperature        of 40° C.,    -   then within 2 hours the temperature is low-ered from 40° C. to a        temperature of 23° C.,    -   said temperature of 23° C. is maintained during 16 to 18 hours,        and    -   the obtained solid is isolated.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are defined in thedependent claims.

In the following part are described possible embodiments of the presentinvention.

Thereby reference is also made to the Figures.

FIG. 1 shows a reaction scheme, starting with the compound of formula Iand ending with the compound of formula V.

FIG. 2 a shows the “differential scanning calorimetric” profile, DSC, ofthe compound of formula IV. On the abscissa is plotted the temperaturein ° C., and on the ordinate is plotted the endothermic heat flow in mW.

FIG. 2 b shows the thermo gravimetric profile, TGA, of the compound offormula IV. On the abscissa is plotted the temperature in ° C. On theleft ordinate are plotted percents by weight and on the right ordinateis plotted the derivative of these percents by weight against the time t(minutes). The solid line refers to the left ordinate, and the dottedline refers to the right ordinate.

FIG. 3 a shows the X-ray powder diffraction diagram of the compound offormula IV. On the abscissa are plotted the 2 Theta-values, and on theordinate is plotted the intensity (counts).

FIG. 3 b shows the 2 Theta-values having an error of about ±0.2 degreeof the in FIG. 3 a shown X-ray powder diffraction diagram.

FIG. 4 a shows the “differential scanning calorimetric” profile, DSC, ofthe compound of formula V. On the abscissa is plotted the temperature in° C., and on the ordinate is plotted the endothermic heat flow in mW.

FIG. 4 b shows the thermo gravimetric profile, TGA, of the compound offormula V. On the abscissa is plotted the temperature in ° C. On theleft ordinate are plotted percents by weight and on the right ordinateis plotted the derivative of these percents by weight against the time t(minutes). The solid line refers to the left ordinate, and the dottedline refers to the right ordinate.

FIG. 5 shows the X-ray powder diffraction diagram of the compound offormula V. On the abscissa are plotted the 2 Theta-values, and on theordinate is plotted the intensity (counts).

FIG. 6 shows the Raman spectra of the compound of formula V. On theabscissa is plotted the wave number in cm⁻¹, and on the ordinate isplotted the Raman intensity.

(6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula II having a content ofthe corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer in the range from 4% by weight to8% by weight was prepared according to EP 0 600 460.

It was quite surprising that one could obtain an aqueous solution of thecalcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of theformula III with an increased content of the (6S)-isomer by selectivelycrystallizing out from the solution the 1:1 mixture of thediastereoisomeric salts.

Routinely one could isolate a solution having a content of the(6S)-isomer of at least 98%.

It was also quite surprising to obtain the corresponding stable,crystalline free acid of formula IV from the above described solution:moreover during this step a further increase of the diastereoisomericpurity of at least 99% was achieved.

The stable, crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid ofthe formula IV could be isolated in such a diastereoisomeric purity thatthis acid may be used as at least one active component in a dietarysupplement or in a medicament.

From the acid of the formula IV is prepared the surprisingly stable,amorphous calcium salt of the formula V.

It is obvious from the X-ray powder diffraction diagram of the compoundof formula V—see FIG. 5—that this compound is practically amorphous.

The present invention is illustrated by the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of the aqueous solution of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III

100 g of (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula II having adiastereoisomeric purity of (6S):(6R) of 92:8—prepared according to EP 0600 460—were suspended in water having a temperature of 7° C. under anitrogen atmosphere.

The compound of formula II was dissolved by the addition of 65 ml of 20%(w/w) aqueous NaOH solution. The pH-value was then 9.05.

To this solution were added 23.7 g of 36% (w/w) aqueous formaldehydesolution within 5 minutes at a temperature of 8° C. under stirring.

After 15 minutes was added an aqueous NaBH₄—solution, prepared bydissolving of 21.3 g of NaBH₄ in 50 ml of water and 1 ml of 20% (w/w)aqueous NaOH solution, during 1 hour at a temperature of 8° C. understirring.

This mixture was stirred during 30 minutes at a temperature of 8° C. andthen during 20 minutes at a temperature of 61° C.

The reaction temperature was then lowered within 2 hours to 20° C.

Then were added dropwise 79 ml of 18% (w/w) aqueous HCl solution. ThepH-value was then 8.03.

The mixture was cooled to a temperature of 4° C. in order to allow theborate precipitation. After 2 hours the borates were removed byfiltration.

The pH-value of the resulting solution was adjusted by the addition of10 ml of 18% (w/w) aqueous HCl solution to a value of 7.03.

This solution was warmed to a temperature of 20° C., and then were addedfirst 1.62 g of di-sodium-EDTA and then 0.82 equivalents (25.44 g) ofCaCl₂.2H₂O.

Then the pH-value was adjusted to a value of 6.9 by the addition of 2 mlof 20% (w/w) aqueous NaOH solution.

The selective crystallization of the calcium salt of(6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid was realized by seedingthe solution with 100 mg of previously prepared crystals of the calciumsalt of (6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, followed by alowering of the temperature from room temperature to a temperature of 4°C. within 40 minutes.

The resulting suspension was kept under stirring during 18 hours at atemperature of 4° C.

The obtained crystals were filtered off.

The so obtained aqueous solution of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III had acontent of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of ≦2% by weight, asshown by HPLC on a chiral column.

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of crystalline(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV

To the aqueous solution of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III havinga content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of ≦2% by weight,prepared according to the above example 1, were added within 20 minutes6 ml of 100% acetic acid until a pH-value of 5.5 was obtained.

Then the temperature was raised to 45° C.

At this temperature were added consecutively 1.35 g of sodium-dithioniteand 1.9 g of di-sodium-EDTA.

To this solution were added 25 ml of 100% acetic acid within 15 minutes.

At a pH-value of 4.5 started the crystallization of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV.

The pH-value was kept in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 by continuousaddition of 100% acetic acid (10 ml).

This suspension was stirred during 30 minutes and was then filtered off.

The so obtained crystalline solid was washed with water having atemperature of 40° C.

There were obtained 106.9 g of wet crystalline solid.

For the determination of the purity and of the ratio of thediastereoisomers a sample of the compound of formula IV was washed with94% (v/v) aqueous ethanol and was then dried under reduced pressure.Thereby the following results were obtained:

HPLC purity: 96.45%

Ratio of (6S)/(6R)=99.1:0.9 (determined by chiral HPLC).

The so obtained product of formula IV had the following stability data(stored at a temperature of 4° C.):

Time (months) HPLC purity (%) 0 96.45 6 96.66

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of the amorphous calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V

106.9 g of wet crystalline solid, prepared according to the aboveexample 2, were suspended in 400 ml of water having a temperature of 40°C.

To this suspension were added slowly 65 ml of 20% (w/w) aqueous NaOHsolution, until a clear solution having a pH-value of 6.8 was obtained.

To this solution were added 0.90 equivalents of CaCl₂.2H₂O (22.7 g,referred to the amount of isolated dry compound of formula IV).

The HPLC determination of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidgave a concentration in solution of c=14.7% w/w.

The pH-value was adjusted to a value of 6.8 by the addition of 1 ml of20% (w/w) aqueous NaOH solution.

The precipitation of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V wasstarted by the addition of 100 mg of previously prepared compound offormula V.

The so prepared mixture was kept during 1 hour at a temperature of 40°C.

Then within 2 hours the temperature of 40° C. was lowered to atemperature of 23° C., and the temperature of 23° C. was maintainedduring 18 hours.

When the concentration of the calcium salt of(6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V in themother liquor was below 7.5% then the suspension was filtered off.

The obtained solid was washed with 50 ml of water having a temperatureof 10° C.

The wet compound of formula V was suspended in 250 ml of 94% (v/v)aqueous ethanol at a temperature of 22° C. and was stirred during 30minutes.

Then this suspension was filtered off and was washed twice with 50 ml94% (v/v) aqueous ethanol.

There were obtained 95 g of a wet solid which was dried under reducedpressure. There were obtained 47.3 g of the compound of formula V.

Thereby the following analytical data were obtained:

HPLC purity: 98.75%

Ratio of (6S)/(6R)=99.75:0.25 (determined by chiral HPLC).

The so obtained product of formula V had the following stability data(stored at a temperature of 25° C. under vacuum [2 mbar]):

Time (months) HPLC assay (%) HPLC purity (%) 0 99.0 98.7 1 98.8 98.7 299.8 98.9 3 100.2 98.8 6 99.9 98.5 9 100.7 98.9

1-17. (canceled)
 18. A process for the preparation of an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III,

whereby (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula II

having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer in the range from 4% by weight to 8% by weight is methylated in water, comprising adding to the methylated reaction mixture from 0.70 to 0.82 equivalents of calcium chloride relative to the THF, crystallizing selectively and separating the calcium salt of (6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid from the resulting aqueous solution, and obtaining an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of ≦2% by weight.
 19. The process according to claim 18, wherein the calcium chloride is added in solid form or in the form of an aqueous solution.
 20. The process of claim 18, wherein the selective crystallization of the calcium salt of (6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid is realized by seeding with previously prepared crystals of the calcium salt of (6RS)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, followed by a lowering of the temperature from room temperature to a temperature in the range from 3° C. to 5° C., and maintaining that temperature for 16 to 18 hours.
 21. (canceled)
 22. (canceled)
 23. (canceled)
 24. (canceled)
 25. (canceled)
 26. (canceled)
 27. (canceled)
 28. (canceled)
 29. A process for the preparation of the stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of Formula V,

comprising preparing crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV,

whereby said crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid is prepared according to a process comprising: (a) adding to an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of ≦2% by weight either acetic acid or a sulfonic acid in such an amount, until a pH-value of 5.5 is obtained; (b) warming the resulting solution to a temperature from 44° C. to 46° C.; (c) adding to the warmed solution either acetic acid or a sulfonic acid in such an amount, until a pH-value in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 is obtained, whereby the crystallization of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV begins, and whereby during this crystallization the pH-value is maintained in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 by continuous addition of either acetic acid or of a sulfonic acid, and (d) filtering off the resulting crystalline solid at a temperature in the range from 44° C. to 46° C. and isolating it; suspending the resulting product in water at a temperature from 35° C. to 41° C., adding to the resulting suspension NaOH solution in portions and in such an amount to achieve a pH value in the range from 6.7 to 6.9, adding to the resulting solution 0.90 equivalents of calcium chloride, relative to the amount of the compound of formula IV, adjusting the concentration of the compound of formula IV in the resulting mixture to a value in the range from 14% by weight to 16% by weight by the addition or by removal of water, starting the precipitation of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V by the addition of a small amount of previously prepared compound of formula V, maintaining the resulting mixture at a temperature of 40° C. for 1 hour, lowering the temperature from 40° C. to a temperature of 23° C. over two hours, maintaining the temperature of 23° C. for 16 to 18 hours, and isolating the resulting solid.
 30. The process of claim 29, wherein the resulting solid is washed with water having a temperature of about 10° C., the washed solid is suspended at room temperature in 94% aqueous ethanol and isolating the resulting solid by means of filtration.
 31. The process of claim 29, wherein the calcium chloride is added in solid form or in the form of an aqueous solution.
 32. Stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of formula V,

produced according to the method comprising: suspending in water crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8 tetrahydrofolic acid of formula IV,

whereby said crystalline (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid is prepared according to a process comprising: (a) adding to an aqueous solution of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula III having a content of the corresponding (6R)-diastereoisomer of ≦2% by weight either acetic acid or a sulfonic acid in such an amount, until a pH-value of 5.5 is obtained; (b) warming the resulting solution to a temperature from 44° C. to 46° C.; (c) adding to the warmed solution either acetic acid or a sulfonic acid in such an amount, until a pH-value in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 is obtained, whereby the crystallization of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula IV begins, and whereby during this crystallization the pH-value is maintained in the range from 4.3 to 4.4 by continuous addition of either acetic acid or of a sulfonic acid, and (d) filtering off the resulting crystalline solid at a temperature in the range from 44° C. to 46° C. and isolating it; whereby the water has a temperature from 35° C. to 41° C., adding to the resulting suspension NaOH solution in portions and in such an amount to achieve a pH value in the range from 67 to 6.9, adding to the resulting solution 0.90 equivalents of calcium chloride, relative to the amount of the compound of formula IV, adjusting the concentration of the compound of formula IV in the resulting mixture to a value in the range from 14% by weight to 16% by weight by the addition or by removal of water, starting the precipitation of the calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of the formula V by the addition of a small amount of previously prepared compound of formula V, maintaining the resulting mixture at a temperature of 40° C. for 1 hour, lowering the temperature from 40° C. to a temperature of 23° C. over two hours maintaining the temperature of 23° C. for 16 to 18 hours, and isolating the resulting solid.
 33. Stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid produced according to the process of claim
 30. 34. Stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid produced according to the process of claim
 31. 35. Stable, amorphous calcium salt of (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid according to claim 32, having: the differential scanning calorimetric profile (DSC) of FIG. 4 a, the thermogravimetric profile (TGA) of FIG. 4 b, the X-ray powder diffraction diagram of FIG. 5, and the Raman spectrum of FIG.
 6. 36. A method of treating a human being or an animal suffering from tumors comprising administering to said human being or animal a dietary supplement comprising (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of formula IV according to claim 43 as an active component.
 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the dietary supplement is administered in combination with a cancer controlling agent.
 38. A method of reducing the toxicity of a cancer controlling compound comprising administering besides said cancer controlling compound a dietary supplement comprising (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of formula IV according to claim 43 as an active component.
 39. A method of protecting human or animal cells comprising administering to said human being or animal a dietary supplement comprising (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of formula IV according to claim 43 as an active component.
 40. (canceled)
 41. (canceled)
 42. (canceled)
 43. A dietary supplement comprising (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid of formula IV

as an active component and at least one carrier, excipient and/or diluent the (6S)-N(5)-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid having: the differential scanning calorimetric profile as shown in FIG. 2 a, the thermogravimetric profile as shown in FIG. 2 b, the x-ray powder diffraction diagram as shown in FIG. 3 a, and the 2 theta-values having an error of about ±0.2 degree as shown in FIG. 3 b.
 44. The dietary supplement according to claim 43, wherein the corresponding X-ray powder diffraction diagram has the following characteristic 2 Theta-values: 15.0 15.6 17.4 18.7 19.9 22.2 24.3 and 29.5. 